Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Cell Death Publication

PUBLICATION

Innate immunity, cytokine storm, and inflammatory cell death in COVID-19
Author
Karki R.; Kanneganti T.-D.
Journal
Journal of translational medicine
Status
2022
Vol
20(1)
Page
542
Year
2022
File
76_2022_Innate immunity, cytokine storm,.pdf (1.8M) 3회 다운로드 DATE : 2024-02-27 11:53:39

Abstract

The innate immune system serves as the first line of defense against invading pathogens; however, dysregulated innate immune responses can induce aberrant inflammation that is detrimental to the host. Therefore, careful innate immune regulation is critical during infections. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has resulted in global morbidity and mortality as well as socio-economic stresses. Innate immune sensing of SARS-CoV-2 by multiple host cell pattern recognition receptors leads to the production of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and the induction of inflammatory cell death. These processes can contribute to cytokine storm, tissue damage, and acute respiratory distress syndrome. Here, we discuss the sensing of SARS-CoV-2 to induce innate immune activation and the contribution of this innate immune signaling in the development and severity of COVID-19. In addition, we provide a conceptual framework for innate immunity driving cytokine storm and organ damage in patients with severe COVID-19. A better understanding of the molecular mechanisms regulated by innate immunity is needed for the development of targeted modalities that can improve patient outcomes by mitigating severe disease.

Keywords: IFN; Necroptosis; PANoptosis; PANoptosome; Pyroptosis; TNF.