Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Cell Death Publication

PUBLICATION

Inflammatory Cell Death, PANoptosis, Mediated by Cytokines in Diverse Cancer Lineages Inhibits Tumor Growth
Author
R K Subbarao Malireddi#, Rajendra Karki#, Balamurugan Sundaram#, Balabhaskararao Kancharana#, SangJoon Lee, Parimal Samir, Thirumala-Devi Kanneganti
Journal
ImmunoHorizons
Status
2021 Jul
Vol
21;5(7)
Page
568-580
Year
2021
File
07_2021_Inflammatory Cell Death, PANoptosis, Mediated by Cytokines in Diverse Cancer Lineages Inhibits Tumor Growth.pdf (2.1M) 3회 다운로드 DATE : 2024-07-17 15:21:16

#These authors contributed equally

Abstract

Resistance to cell death is a hallmark of cancer. Immunotherapy, particularly immune checkpoint blockade therapy, drives immune-mediated cell death and has greatly improved treatment outcomes for some patients with cancer, but it often fails clinically. Its success relies on the cytokines and cytotoxic functions of effector immune cells to bypass the resistance to cell death and eliminate cancer cells. However, the specific cytokines capable of inducing cell death in tumors and the mechanisms that connect cytokines to cell death across cancer cell types remain unknown. In this study, we analyzed expression of several cytokines that are modulated in tumors and found correlations between cytokine expression and mortality. Of several cytokines tested for their ability to kill cancer cells, only TNF-α and IFN-γ together were able to induce cell death in 13 distinct human cancer cell lines derived from colon and lung cancer, melanoma, and leukemia. Further evaluation of the specific programmed cell death pathways activated by TNF-α and IFN-γ in these cancer lines identified PANoptosis, a form of inflammatory cell death that was previously shown to be activated by contemporaneous engagement of components from pyroptosis, apoptosis, and/or necroptosis. Specifically, TNF-α and IFN-γ triggered activation of gasdermin D, gasdermin E, caspase-8, caspase-3, caspase-7, and MLKL. Furthermore, the intratumoral administration of TNF-α and IFN-γ suppressed the growth of transplanted xenograft tumors in an NSG mouse model. Overall, this study shows that PANoptosis, induced by synergism of TNF-α and IFN-γ, is an important mechanism to kill cancer cells and suppress tumor growth that could be therapeutically targeted.